Background and Study Aim: It is common for judo athletes to use methods for rapid weight loss in the days preceding competitions in an attempt to create a supposed advantage by being able to compete in lower body weight categories. The aim of the study was the mood response in judo athletes after two weeks of rapid weight reduction. Materials and Methods: This experimental study included 39 judokas randomly divided into 2 groups: experimental (EG) and control (CG). The rapid weight reduction strategies adopted in the EG were structured with a view to achieving a weekly loss of approximately 5%. Mood was assessed using the reduced version of the Profile of Mood States (POMS) instrument. Results: A group vs. time (p<0.01) interaction effect was identified for body weight, with reduction only in the EG (p<0.01). For the negative mood subscales, with the exception of "confusion", the findings revealed significant group vs. time (p<0.01) interactions, with increased scores recorded only in the EG (p<0.01). The results showed a significant group vs. time (p<0.01) interaction for the vigor subscale, with the scores increased in the CG (p<0.01) and reduced in the EG (p<0.01). Conclusions: It was concluded that rapid weight reduction was not effective for improving the mood state of judokas, highlighting a reduction in vigor and increase in anger, fatigue and depression
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