The barbell back squat is a highly utilised form of squat exercise and is widely used for the development of strength and power in the lower limb. The high-bar back squat (HBBS) and low-bar back squat (LBBS) are two variations of the barbell back squat. A Google Scholar and PubMed search was conducted to find relevant literature comparing these two forms of back squat. A total of 7934 articles were found and subsequently 12 articles were selected for their relevance to the focused purpose of this study. The current available evidence demonstrated the difference in kinematic and kinetic properties of the HBBS and LBBS. The HBBS exhibited more upright posture and produced more torque and muscle activation at the knee. The HBBS may be a better choice for development of an athlete`s vertical jump. The LBBS exhibited greater trunk angle and appeared to have a greater engagement of the posterior chain musculature (hamstrings, gluteals, lumbar erectors). The LBBS was also shown to be more efficient at lifting greater loads. Due to the reduced torque and flexion at the knee joint, the LBBS may be a good alternative to the HBBS when the athlete needs to minimise load on the knee complex due to injuries. The HBBS is a more transferrable skill that makes it more appropriate for most field and court athletes. The LBBS is recommended for use when improving maximal lift and posterior chain strength are the primary goals of the athlete, or when the athlete`s tolerance to load in the knees is reduced.
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