The main physiological factors limiting the implementation of short-term work of maximum intensity include the possibilities of energy supply for muscle activity and the possibility of neuromuscular transmission of efferent and afferent impulses. Objective of the study was to rate and analyze the energy inputs to the muscular activity and neuro-muscular transmission of afferent and efferent impulses by the Wingate tests. Sampled for 265 test sessions under the study were the 18-35 male Class I-III athletes specialized in cyclic and acyclic sport disciplines and weighing 79.1±0.47kg on average. Each athlete was examined by medical experts to qualify for the Wingate test on cycle ergometer Monarch Ergomedic 894E. The test data were processed by Statistica-10 software, with the test data normality rated by the Shapiro-Wilk test, and with every rate in excess of 2s was removed from the sample to increase its consistency. The study data and analyses gave us the reasons to conclude that the short-term maximal-intensity work efficiency generally depends on the following key factors: energy supply system and the neuro-muscular transmission of afferent and efferent impulses. Biomechanical test data generated by the Wingate test make it possible to differentiate the energy supply system and the neuro-muscular transmission of afferent and efferent impulses. The working capacity limitation factors may be purposefully modified by the training system management tools to step up the training system efficiency and, hence, the athletic fitness.
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