Key concepts on heat dissipation in the exercising athlete and effective strategies on heat acclimatization and fluid replacement are briefly reviewed. Heat acclimatization refers to the adaptive process that occurs when a person moves from a cool to a hot environment; most of the physiological adjustments take place within the first 10 to 14 days. Hydration status can be followed by monitoring daily body weight, fluid intake, urine output, and urine color. For most sports activities, drinking about 1 liter per hour of a 6% carbohydrate-electrolyte sports beverage can provide adequate fluid and energy substrate to sustain exercise performance. This guideline should be individualized based on body size, sweat rate, and type and intensity of exercise. The importance of education in the prevention of heat illness among athletes and spectators is discussed.
© Copyright 2000 International SportMed Journal. Human Kinetics. Alle Rechte vorbehalten.