This study investigated the effects of femoral morphology on musculoskeletal loading during high-load squats. Three Austrian top-ranked powerlifters executed competition-style squats at 90% of their 1-repetition-maximum, captured with a 3D motion capture system. Femoral anteversion (AVA) and neck-shaft angles were quantified from magnetic resonance images. For each athlete, two musculoskeletal models were created: 1) generic and 2) athlete-specific femoral geometry. Muscle forces and joint contact forces were estimated using static optimisation and normalized to bodyweight (BW). Results show increases in hip and knee muscle work (2-14 J/BW) and hip and knee joint contact forces (0.5-2.3 BW) when comparing generic with athlete-specific models, particularly in athletes with low AVA. Findings suggest that low AVA leads to increased musculoskeletal loading during high-load squats.
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