Athletes can cause excessive work of breathing during moderate to high intensity training, which can increase perceived breathing difficulties. Therefore, inspiratory muscle training (IMT) can be used to reduce muscle fatigue and thus improve athletes' performance during exercise. The purpose of this study is to improve physical indicators such as athletic performance, pulmonary function and inspiratory muscle fatigue in athletes under moderate-to-high intensity exercises through IMT, and to establish the most uniform and effective load intensity and training method needed to enhance inspiratory muscle strength and endurance. The research method of this paper is mainly literature reading and analysis. The literature and data sources are Web of Science, Medline and EMBASE databases. In conclusion, IMT for athletes regularly trained at moderate to high intensity resulted in improved performance and inspiratory muscle fatigue in most cases, but no significant changes in lung function. And the athletes get better performance with an IMT intensity of 50% of maximum inspiratory pressure (MIP) and a combination of acute and chronic training of the inspiratory muscles.
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