Vitamin D seems to be very important for general health but also for athletic performance [1,2]. Insufficiency in Vitamin D is a serious problem in general internal medicine. Different disorders have been reported to be associated with Vitamin D deficiency. Certain populations such as infants, children, premenopausal women, diverse racial or ethnic groups, and elderly people are at an increased risk for osteoporosis and osteoporotic fractures, among other problems [3,4]. In athletes, certain populations such as women might be at a higher risk for Vitamin D deficiency [5]. Little is known about whether supplementation with Vitamin D in athletes with deficiency in Vitamin D improves performance. One of the purposes of this Special Issue "Vitamin D and Sport Performance" is to gain more information about the prevalence of Vitamin D deficiency in different sport disciplines and populations. Another purpose is to examine whether the supplementation of certain populations of athletes with Vitamin D deficiency can improve athletic performance in different sports disciplines.
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