It is acceptable to assume that the sport events globalization and increased mobility of elite athletes to endemic regions of infectious and viral diseases pose a risk to athletes and travelers. The risk of infectious diseases can be even higher in elite athletes due to their intense travel routine (Gärtner and Meyer, 2014) added to the exposure to different types of the environment where these athletes train (Turbeville et al., 2006). Consequences of yellow fever infection could be serious: physical performance and health status not only can be compromised (Gärtner and Meyer, 2014), but also the athletes life can sometimes be at risk. For this reason we would like to draw attention to the risk of yellow fever in Brazil. According to the World Health Organization (WHO, 2017a), a few of the most developed and populated Brazilian states (i.e. Minas Gerais, São Paulo, Bahia, Espírito Santo, and Rio de Janeiro) might be included in the considered endemic areas of yellow fever. Hence athletes, tourists, and spectators of sport events that travel to Brazil must be aware of such a problem and be informed about recommendations, health prevention plans, and campaigns.
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