During graded exercise, absolute whole body fat oxidation rates increase from low to moderate exercise intensities, and then decline at high intensities. Recently, a sinusoidal (SIN) model has been developed to accurately describe the shape of fat oxidation kinetics and to determine the exercise intensity at which the fat oxidation rate is maximal during graded exercise. The SIN model incorporates three independent variables (dilatation, symmetry, and translation) that correspond to the main expected modulations of the basic fat oxidation curve due to factors such as the mode of exercise or training status, providing additional information on characteristics of kinetics. The purpose of this review is to present the effect of various factors such as exercise intensity and duration, form and type of exercise, or gender on whole body fat oxidation kinetics using this model. These data provide interesting insights that could be applied to gain perspective for exercise prescription, for instance, the design of training programs that aim to induce a negative fat balance and to deal with weight management.
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