Objective This study aimed to investigate the effects of 8 weeks of sprint interval training (SIT) on repeated sprinting ability and specialized performance in collegiate volleyball players. Methods Twenty-eight male collegiate volleyball players were randomly assigned to sprint interval training (SIT, n = 14) or high-intensity interval training (HIIT, n = 14) groups. The SIT group performed all-out sprints (6 × 30m with 30s rest) twice weekly in addition to regular volleyball training, while the HIIT group underwent high-intensity interval training alongside identical regular volleyball training. Repeated sprint ability (ideal sprint time IS, total sprint time TS, and performance decrement PD), aerobic capacity (VO2max, velocity at VO2max [vVO2max], ventilatory thresholds VT1 and VT2), and volleyball-specific abilities (modified agility T-test, countermovement vertical jump [CMVJ], and spike jump [SPJ]) were assessed before and after the intervention. Results Following the intervention, the SIT group showed significantly greater improvements than the HIIT group in VO2max (46.93 ± 4.25 vs 50.90 ± 4.17 ml/min/kg, p < 0.001), vVO2max (14.53 ± 1.61 vs 17.03 ± 1.15 km/h, p < 0.001), VT1 (69.61 ± 4.22% vs 74.43 ± 5.25%, p < 0.001), modified agility T-test (7.85 ± 1.04 vs 6.87 ± 0.71s, p < 0.001), CMVJ (35.77 ± 3.91 vs 40.14 ± 2.82 cm, p < 0.001), and SPJ (61.20 ± 3.92 vs 65.57 ± 2.64 cm, p < 0.001). Both groups demonstrated significant improvements in IS and TS (p < 0.05), with larger effect sizes observed in the SIT group (IS: 1.060 vs 0.581; TS: 1.164 vs 0.678). No significant between-group differences were found in PD and VT2. Conclusion Eight weeks of sprint interval training effectively enhances repeated sprinting ability, aerobic capacity, and specialized skills in collegiate volleyball players, with particularly notable improvements in vertical jumping ability and agility. These findings suggest that SIT represents an effective and time-efficient training method for improving volleyball performance.
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