Introduction First round attack and counter attack are two tactical constructs in modern volleyball. The results showed that scoring on the first round attack is important for victory in volleyball competition. Counter attack scoring ranks also as a key factor for determining victory though slightly less influential than the first round attack. Currently, the major factor restricting the improvement of the Chinese Men`s Volleyball Team is the low quality of the first round attack and counter attack. This study explored the differences between the Chinese Men's Volleyball Team and other successful international teams in a attempt to provide a theoretical reference. Methods This study utilized a review of literature, interviewing experts, statistical analysis, and video analysis of twelve matches between China, Poland, Argentina and Bulgaria during the 2007 World Men's Volleyball League. Results The study showed that scoring from first round attacks and counter attacks accounted for 65.2% of the total points for the Chinese Team, and 71.8% of the total points for opposing teams. The success rate of first round attacks was 47.8% for the Chinese team and 62.3% in other teams. The successful scoring from counter attacks was 48.2% for opposing teams and just 30.1% for the Chinese team. The proportion of first attack scores was 42.9% in sets which were won, and 53.5% in sets which were lost. Whereas opposing teams showed proportions of 43.6% and 54.2% for sets won and lost respectively. The proportion of counter attack score was 28.3% in sets won and 19.8% in sets lost, where as in the other teams the proportions were 30.1% and 27.2% respectively. The quick hitter had the highest scoring rate, with 58.2% effectiveness of the first attack. The next highest rates were for the power hitter with 53.7% and the co-setter with 45.5%. The opponent's data was 49.3%, 63.7% and 68.9% respectively. The Chinese co-setter had the highest proportion of effective counter attacks with 68.3%, followed by the quick hitter with 60.1% and finally 55.8% for the power hitter. The proportions for the opponent were 71.5%, 47.8% and 62% respectively. For loss of successive points, the Chinese team lost two successive points 61 times, 3 points were lost in succession 22 times, four or more points were lost 10 times and these accounted for 65.6%, 23.7% and 10.7% respectively. Opposing teams lost two successive points 49 times, the loss of three successive points occurred 17 times and four or more points, 7 times accounting for 67.1%, 23.3% and 9.6% respectively. Conclusions This research demonstrated that the proportion of first round attack and counter attack scores to the total score was significantly lower for the Chinese Team than other teams, and the counter attack score was also significantly lower. The success rate of first round attack and attack after defense was lower than other teams. The scoring rate of the quick hitter was significantly higher than for other attackers, however this had little impact because of an overall lack of attack. The co-setter has a high scoring rate but low smash percentage, which resulted in less actual points being scored. In the competition, the Chinese team had a higher incidence of losing successive points than other teams, in which the poor first round attack was the main reason for the losses.
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