The aim of the study was to reveal the nature and themeohanism of the "sports anaemia" in the athletes of the cyclic sports kinds. The elite athletes (swimmers - 46, sports orienteerers - 11, rowers - 25, long distance runners - 49) acted as subjects of the research. Electrocardiography, photometrical biochemical methods, anthropometry, special working capacity measuring had been used to obtain the research data. It had been shown that when the fatigue comes more than 60% of athletes demonstrate the disorders in cardiac rhythm of various character, the decrease of the hemoglobin's, the erythrocytes' and serum iron content in the blood. The level of the area in blood serum increases and decreases unadequatly. The muscle and fat mass of the body decreases. The combination of these changes with the decrease of hemoglobin's level lower than 10 g% in females, and 12 g% in males is accompanied by the lowering of the special working capacity, indicates the breaking of adaptation and demands the restitutional and therapeutic actions.
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