This bachelor thesis was focused on circadian rhythms, the influence of sport and nutrition on circadian rhythms and also focused on what distribution of chronotypes are in the population. The work was mainly devoted to Chrononutrion in sport. The first part of this work was theoretical. It was focused on gaining and sorting knowledge. The first chapter deals with circadian rhythms and explaines the principle, how they work and why they are an important part of our body. Furthermore, the work deals with variables that affect the circadian rhythms, namely chrononutrition, metabolism, the thermic effect of food, sleep, hormones, but also disruption of circadian rhythms. Last but not least, the work also deals with physical activity and its influence on circadian rhythms. Another important subchapter is the characterization and division of chronotypes. The practical part comprehend the knowledge from the theoretical part. The knowledge is used for selection of the first questionnaire, to divide population into five chronotypes and also for the second questionnaire called Nutrition. The aim of the questionnaires was to determine the distribution of population chronotypes and subsequently to determine the association between Body Mass Index and chronotype. The aim of this work can be considered fulfilled, as both questionnaires fulfilled their roles. Based on the results, the conclusions are clear. The distribution of chronotypes in the population is exactly as assumed. The incidence of intermediate chronotype is the most common in the analyzed population. As a percentage, 72.7% means for the intermediate types group, followed by 15.2% for the moderate morning types group and the rest was 12.2%, represented by the moderate evening types group. The results of this work confirmed results of the other studies, mentioned above. The second task of the questionnaires was to find out the association between BMI and chronotype. The results showed no association between Body Mass Index and chronotype. The results did not show that early chronotypes have lower BMI all among chronotypes either. It was acknowledged that morning chronotypes had a second lowest average BMI index, specific 23.5 kg/m2. The group of evening chronotypes had the lowest median BMI for even 0.2 kg/m2 less. The BMI value of evening chronotypes was 23.5 kg/m2. On the contrary, results from this bachelor thesis aren't an agreement with previous studies, which concluded that there exists a relationship between the BMI and the individual's chronotype". Their conclusions tend to state that there is a relationship between the BMI index and the chronotype. They have evidence that early chronotypes have a lower BMI index among other chronotypes. Another evidence that morning chronotype are consuming more calories in the first half of the day, when diet-induced thermogenesis is 44% higher in the morning than in the evening. This may help explain why meal-timing affects body weight regulation. Interesting facts emerged from the work and especially from the research, which could be a suggestion for further research and the final work.
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