Pre-season TROM difference of =7.5° was a significant predictor for future episodes of shoulder injury. Shoulder IR strength PBW of =16.8% was a significant predictor for future episodes of shoulder injury. Shoulder ER strength PBW of =12.5% was a significant predictor for future episodes of shoulder injury. To determine whether pre-season shoulder ROM and strength can be used to identify athletes at risk of future shoulder injury. Design: Prospective cohort. Setting: High performance sports institute. Participants: 76 sub-elite water polo players. Main outcome measures: Mean pre-season shoulder internal (IR) and external rotation (ER) ROM and strength values compared by gender, dominance and prospective injury status. Results: 14-dominant shoulder injuries were recorded. There was a significant difference (p?=?0.05) in total ROM difference (TROM) between the prospectively injured and no injury groups (-17.2°(30.4);-0.8°(13.3)), and dominant side ER strength (11.7%(2.4) vs 14.5%(2.8), p?=?0.03) and IR strength (16.5%(3.0) vs 21.6%(4.9) as a percentage body weight (PBW) were also significantly different (p?=?0.03). Separate significant associations were found between future episodes of shoulder injury and; dominant shoulder TROM difference of =7.5°(OR 3.6,95%CI 0.8-16.0), ER strength as a PBW=12.5%(OR 5.2,95%CI 1.0-27.9), and IR strength as a PBW=16.8%(OR 13.8,95%CI 2.2-88.0). Conclusion: Pre-season dominant TROM difference, and reduced shoulder IR and ER strength relative to body weight were significant predictors for future shoulder injury. Although further investigation with a larger sample size is required, achieving optimal values on these measures may reduce future episodes of shoulder injury in water polo players.
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