This article presents a comprehensive analysis of training methodologies for Olympic-level judo athletes through the perspective of sport science, focusing on the physical aspects essential for performance. Since judo's in-clusion in the Olympic Games, there has been increasing scientific interest in optimising athletes' training. Key areas addressed in this review include the importance of individualising training based on athlete-specific factors such as ge-netic predispositions, anthropometric characteristics and physiological capacities. The training framework is examined, covering aspects such as competition demands, environmental conditions and the athlete`s physical fitness. The article also considers factors like the relative age effect and its impact on judo athlete development and competitive outcomes. Additionally, genetic markers related to endurance and strength are highlighted, providing insights into physical traits favourable for judo. The physiological demands of judo are addressed through various metrics, including aerobic and anaerobic power and capacity, maximal strength, muscle power and strength-endurance, particularly as they relate to judo-specific actions. Competitive dynamics such as rapid weight loss, pacing and match intensity, are also explored. The study underscores the need for judo-specific evaluations and training adjustments, recognising that effective trai-ning is a function of applying knowledge related to the understanding of judo`s unique demands. This synthesis of sport science principles with judo-specific requirements provides a framework for refining the training of Olympic athletes.
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