Health state of Special Olympics athletes is a key component of Special Olympics 2016-2020 Strategic Plan. The project "Healthy Community" ensure globally the rights of athletes with mental disabilities, as well as their duty to care for health within their limits based on arguments from field surveys of fitness indicators, health indicators, realized lifestyle and sports results. To create an atmosphere of a healthy community with the mutual support of persons with mental disability, their parents and the responsible community underline the idea of a healthy lifestyle in a healthy society. The objective of the presented study is to analyse biorhythms from the view of circadian habits in the context of sleep preferences in the Special Olympic athletes living in the Czech Republic in the South Bohemia Region. The research sample consisted of 60 persons (28 males; 32 females), 15 - 18 years old, with an average 17.1 (male age average 16.8; female age average 17.5) participated in the year 2017 in the international project Golisano and Special Olympics ID Y1 16-600-14 "ZAS - Healthy Community". Methods used in the study consisted: from the Modification Questionnaire of Circadian Typology "CIT" (Harada, Krejcí - Czech version, 2015) provided in cooperation with the Laboratory of Environmental Physiology Kochi University, Japan; from Statistical analyses on the base of One-way non-parametric ANOVA (Kruskal-Wallis test) in SPSS program, with using Fisher Exact Test and Mann-Whitney U test. Significant differences between the investigated samples of females and males SO athletes were found. Data analyses demonstrate that it was found significant correlation between difficulty falling asleep and sweet drinks consumption in monitored athletes with mental disability. Based on data analyse it is possible to declare that biorhythms in a form of circadian preferences of athletes with mental disabilities influence access to sport activity with realizing of maximum individual potential among athletes in order to achieve their best possible performance not only in sports, but also in day-to-day activities. Coaches and other experts, working with athletes with mental disability, should be alerted to the fact that the motor learning not only mediates changes in motor skills, but also influences changes in the psycho-social behaviour.
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