The aim of this paper was to analyse the history of the special programme for the mentally backward persons named "Special Olympic International". The author marks the main dates and the historically important events of this movement's development. The "Eurasian" region of this movement includes the countries of the former USSR and most of them has their national organizations of the "Special Olympics". They held the training studies mentally backward persons and organize the Special Olympinc Games, and regional scientific- methodical seminars. The skiing had become very popular kind of sport for mentally backward persons. More than 4000 athletes with mental backwardness take part in the Russian Special Olympic programme.
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