Top athletes, exercisers and patients do a lot of training with physiotherapists as key supporters. The aim of this debate article is to give a nuanced approach to training as a method. Training is here seen as an alternation between specific activity loading and rest of the bodily functions that need to be adjusted, and to improve function over time. Specific means that the training is aimed directly at the factors limiting the performance or function. The example used in this article is endurance training. The following factors are presented and discussed towards improving performance: 1) Performance restricting factors as a base for priorities. 2) The content of the training program. 3) The practical execution of training, based on individual characteristics and lifestyle. The article uses the analogy of solving a jigsaw-puzzle, a puzzle including several bits from the three mentioned factors for improving performance. Examples of plans for solving puzzles are four practical training schedules for a top athlete and an exerciser. That is, one week schedule and one day schedule for both of them. In sum, the task of the physiotherapist and the training program is to assist in clarifying priorities and tasks for athletes and patients. The program is based on scientific principles, while it`s execution is the main challenge.
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