Key Points - Research assessing the effect of sports clothing on thermoregulation, comfort, and performance during exercise in the heat has used protocols characterised by light-to-moderate intensities, short-to-moderate durations, and mild environmental conditions. - Disparities across methodologies, and insufficient applications of thermal-physiological and perceptual strain, have led to mixed findings concerning the effect of sports clothing to enhance thermoregulation, comfort, and performance in both recreationally active and elite level athletes. - Future research should continue to focus on developing and assessing new sports clothing designs using protocols which reflect actual training and competition demands to understand which fabric compositions and characteristics may be optimal to maximise thermoregulation, comfort, and performance during exercise in the heat.
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