The use of autologous blood-derived growth factors and particularly platelet-rich plasma are gaining popularity among professional athletes and sports physicians. This innovative therapeutic concept relies on the use of various growth factors than can be obtained in high amount after centrifugation of the patient`s whole blood. This part of the so-called Regenerative Medicine could have some practical applications in the treatment of muscle, tendon, ligament, fibrocartilage and joint disease. Although case report studies sometimes show spectacular results in terms of healing and shortened time of recovery after injury, well designed randomised clinical studies remain scarce. The purpose of this article is to provide basic and updated scientific knowledge and practical application concerning the use of autologous blood-derived growth factors in musculoskeletal injuries. Potential benefits and risks related to this therapeutic concept as well as possible interference with the current anti-doping rules are considered.
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