Direct Linear Transformation (DLT) method suffers from an intrinsic shortcoming: non-orthogonal camera calibration and object space reconstruction. This is due to the fact that the eleven DLT parameters are basically derived from a set of ten independent camera parameters and thus are mutually dependent. Alternative algorithms such as MDLT have failed to gain popularity due to the complexity and inconsistency in performance. The purpose of this study is to develop a non-linear orthogonal camera calibration algorithm with the capability to correct the optical distortion errors.
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