Purpose This study aimed to compare the inflammatory response during resistance training (RT) sessions performed after recovery intervals of 24h, 48h, and 72h. Methods Thirteen resistance-trained male individuals (24 ± 2 years) performed three experimental conditions, each one including two sessions with a recovery interval of 24h, 48h or 72h, in a randomized order. The RT sessions consisted of five sets of 8-10 repetition maximum (RM) on squat and leg press exercises. The resistance was equal in the two sessions of each condition and repetitions were performed until concentric failure. Volume load (repetitions × resistance lifted) were compared between sessions. Blood was collected pre and immediately post each RT session, for analyses of IL-6, IL-10, IL-12/IL-23p40, IL-17, TNF-a, and IFN-y. A (2 × 3) repeated measures ANOVA compared the volume load and ratio (immediately post/pre) values of all cytokines within time and conditions (a = 0.05). Results A significant interaction was observed for volume load, which was reduced at post-recovery interval compared to pre for 24h condition (p = 0.014), although no differences were observed for 48h (p = 0.231) and 72h (p = 0.237) conditions. No significant interaction was evident for any cytokine (p > 0.05), though a significant time main effect was observed for IL-6, which was significantly higher at post-recovery interval compared to pre for all conditions. Conclusion Despite reduced volume load when a resistance protocol to failure is performed at 24h, no significant differences were observed on the inflammatory responses. Thus, a similar inflammatory profile is evident in trained men regardless recovery interval between resistance training sessions.
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