This chapter contains sections titled: Introduction, Achilles tendon, Patellar tendinopathy (Jumper's Knee), Ligament, Conclusion, References. This chapter focuses on the implementation of recently generated biomechanical knowledge into functional treatment of injured tendons and ligaments. Besides muscle strains, tendon and ligament injuries are most common in athletes, and the structures of the lower extremity are most frequently affected. Especially, the large tendons in the lower extremity are subjected to overload as a result of chronic loading (repetitive microtrauma). Ankle and knee ligaments are most frequently strained when the joint mobility exceeds its anatomical constraints due to an acute injury. Incomplete strucrural healing and insufficient functional rehabilitation of tendon and ligament injuries maybe the first step into an injury cascade, ultimately leading to poor sports performance. Profound knowledge of the injury mechanisms, differential diagnostic, treatment, rehabilitation, and preventive strategies therefore are major concerns aiming to minimize the absence of athletes from training and competition.
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