Ambiguities in terminology have existed in the execution of stretching exercises regarding the definition of active and passive stretching on the one hand, while on the other, action-theoretical considerations were neglected. Therefore, a suggestion is made for restructuring. Additionally, a check will be made whether there are differences between three stretching concepts (direct and indirect self-stretching and indirect external- stretching). The parameters utmost range of motion (BR max ), traction force at constant angle (ZK), greatest tolerated traction force (ZK max ) and muscle activity of the M. biceps femoris (%iEMG biz ) are recorded. 27 sport students (m=26, f=11); 25±2 years; 68±10 kg, 176±9 cm) were randomly divided into three groups and completed three standardized test types each. Test 1: Direct self-stretching (DE) by independent stretching using a rope; Test 2: indirect self-stretching (lE) in which the test person controlled a motor and Test 3: indirect external-stretching (IF), in which the examiner operated the motor. On average, BR max , was 5% higher in DE than in IE or IF. There were no significant differences between the other parameters. In DE, BR max , was highly-significantly higher than in the indirect procedures. From a sensomotor action regulation point of view, direct self-stretching appears more favorable on the basis of the data recorded. The new structure is clearer and easier in practical applications. Ambiguities in terminology are avoided.
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