Purpose: To explore the relationships between performance variables and physiological variables in a short-time (2-3 min) cycling time trial (TT) on a cycle ergometer. Methods: Fifteen young elite cyclists (age: 17.3 ± 0.7 years, maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max): 76.6 ± 5.2 mL·kg-1·min-1) participated in this study. Maximal aerobic power (MAP), maximal anaerobic power (MANP), time to exhaustion at 130% of maximal aerobic power (TTE), maximal accumulated oxygen deficit (MAOD) in the TT, anaerobic power reserve (APR) and lactate threshold (LT) was tested. MAP was calculated as VO2max/oxygen cost of cycling (CC), MANP was determined as mean power output (W) during a 10 s maximal cycling sprint test, and MAOD was calculated as (VO2 demand - VO2 measured) · time. APR was calculated as the relative difference between MAP and MANP. Results: There was a strong correlation between MAP and TT time (r = -0.91, p < 0.01) with a standard error of estimate (SEE) of 4.4%, and a moderate association between MANP and TT time (r = -0.47, p = 0.04). Neither MAOD, TTE, LT nor APR correlated with TT. Conclusion: MAP was highly correlated with TT with a SEE of 4.4%. Since neither TTE nor MAOD correlated with TT, this indicates that these two variables do not play a significant role in differentiating short-time endurance cycling performance. We suggest training for improving MAP and, or MANP to improve short-time endurance cycling performance.
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