Es wurden echokardiographische Merkmale von 578 Männern (106 Nichtsportler, 472 Sportler) unter zwei Aspekten untersucht: 1. Untersuchung von Wettkampfsportlern in verschiedenen Sportarten in der jungen Alterskategorie (19-30 Jahre). 2. Vergleich der Daten von Sportlern und Nichtssportlern in unterschiedlichen Altersgruppen (Kinder 10-14 Jahre, Jugendliche 15-18 Jahre, junge Erwachsene 19-30 Jahre, Erwachsene 31-44 Jahre, ältere Erwachsene 45-60 Jahre). Ergebnisse: Morphologische Zeichen des Sportherzens waren am deutlichsten in der linken Ventrikelmasse nachweisbar. In der jungen Altersgruppe waren die höchsten Werte bei den Ausdauersportlern zu verzeichnen, gefolgt von den Ballspielern, Sprintern/Springern und Schnellkraftsportlern. Eine dickere Muskelwand war die Hauptursache für diese Hypertrophie. Interne Diameter waren nur bei den Ausdauersportlern erhöht, und da besonders in den jüngeren Gruppen. Two dimensionally guided M mode and Doppler echocardiographic data for 578 male subjects (106 non-athletic and 472 athletes) were analysed from two aspects: (a) in the young adult category (19-30 years of age), competitors in different groups of sports were studied; (b) in the different age groups (children, 10-14 years; adolescent juniors, 15-18 years; young adults, 19-30 years; adults, 31-44 years; older adults 45-60 years), data for athletes and non-athletes were compared. Morphological variables were related to body size by indices in which the exponents of the numerator and denominator were matched. Morphological signs of athletic heart were most consistently evident in the left ventricular muscle mass: in the young adult group, the highest values were seen in the endurance athletes, followed by the ball game players, sprinters/jumpers, and power athletes. A thicker muscular wall was the main reason for this hypertrophy. Internal diameter was only increased in the endurance athletes, and this increase was more evident in the younger groups. The E/A quotient (ratio of peak velocity during early and late diastole) indicated more effective diastolic function in the endurance athletes. The values for E/A quotient also suggested that regular physical activity at an older age may protect against age dependent impairment of diastolic function.
© Copyright 2001 British Journal of Sports Medicine. BMJ Publishing Group Ltd of the BMA. Alle Rechte vorbehalten.