Athlete-monitoring data provide useful information as to whether athletes are responding appropriately to impose training and competition demands. Evaluating training-monitoring data is crucial to ensure that athletes are exposed to sufficient training to prepare them for the requirements of competition, while ensuring the athletes are appropriately adapting to the training program. Together, this process should assist in minimizing the risk of undergoing excessive workloads, and maximize the performance potential of athletes. In team sports, sport scientists and support staff often collect a wide range of athlete monitoring data that relate to external and internal workloads that their athletes have undergone, as well as physiological and psychological assessments of fatigue. When appropriately collected and interpreted, these data should inform decision-making processes regarding the planning and manipulation of training. However, limited research has explored how key variables should be selected, how such data should be analyzed, how meaningful information can be extracted, and what methods present these data most effectively. Applied sport scientists are faced with an extensive range of monitoring technologies, therefore, selecting and utilizing the most appropriate variables that are sensitive to fatigue or answer the questions of coaches is necessary. As previously explained, training monitoring data should be interpreted with knowledge of the tool`s validity and reliability as well as any implications for injury, illness, and expected player performance. Other factors such as measurement error, individualization and discretization of data should be considered, and as such are discussed. In this review, a range of data analytical methods which are commonly used in applied and research settings has been presented, which can be used to determine and interpret meaningful changes in data, assisting in informing decision making. Finally, various data visualization concepts and methods have been discussed, which aim to enhance the success of the monitoring system through effective communication of relevant information. The overall purpose of this review is to provide a methodological outline that may assist team sport practitioners to develop and employ simple and effective feedback for coaches and athletes. An overview of the framework for developing an athlete monitoring system is depicted in Figure 1, with each step detailed within the review.
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