Objectives: We performed a comparative analysis of ski simulators, which remove seasonal and regional constraints, to effectively improve training methods. Equipment and methods: We compared the kinematic characteristics with and without ski boots on the ski simulator and found significant differences in lower limb joint angles, run-time, muscle activity, and heart rate. Results: Based on these results, we suggest the following exercise guidelines for ski simulators: (i) simulator skiing without boots results in a wider range of motion (ROM) and can be utilized as low-intensity exercise to improve muscle endurance and balance and (ii) simulator skiing with boots enables faster movements within a limited range and can help improve muscle strength. These results are not limited to ski training; they can also be applied to specialized exercise improvement and strengthening programs as well as physical training.
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