The main objective of the training process in cross-country skiing is the development of physical working capacity and psychological stability for successful performance during the competitive phase. However, there is limited information available about the influence of the competitive and preparatory phases on the functional and psychological condition of female cross-country skiers. We assume that physical loads during the competitive phase neither reduce physical working capacity nor worsen the psychophysiological state of female cross-country skiers. This paper studies the dynamics of physical working capacity and the recoverystress balance in 11 female cross-country skiers aged 16.0 (15.5; 19.0) years during the preparatory and competitive phases of the training process. In our research we used maximal exercise test on a bicycle ergospirometer and the Russian version of the RESTQ-Sport-76 questionnaire. We found that during the competitive phase female cross-country skiers had decreased load power at anaerobic threshold (p < 0.01), increased body weight and body mass index (p < 0.02), higher vital capacity (p < 0.001) and greater values of social and overall stress (? < 0.05) as compared to the preparatory phase. Thus, we identified negative changes in the subjects` physical working capacity during the competitive phase compared to the preparatory phase against the background of the negative impact of overall and social stress. The increase in body weight and body mass index can, probably, be explained by the 50 % reduction of training time. The higher vital capacity is, most likely, caused by the seasonal effects on the respiratory system.
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