In indoor volleyball, spike points are a key performance factor in competition. The volleyball spike jump is characterized by a three or four-step approach, a dynamic arm swing in the initial phase, and different movements of the dominant and non-dominant leg to transfer horizontal velocity into vertical acceleration. However, jumping performance in female and male volleyball has usually determined by general jumping performance tests (squat, countermovement and drop jumps). The scientific knowledge regarding the relationship between the general jumping performance and the requirements in the spike jump in both sexes is lacking. Consequently, the aim of this study was (1) to analyze the relationship between the countermovement jump with (CMJA) and without arm swing (CMJ), squat jump (SJ) and spike jump (SPJ) in elite female and male volleyball players, (2) to identify the sex differences in the jump heights, and (3) to determine key variables in jumping performance. Fifteen female and fifteen male elite indoor volleyball players performed ten SPJs, CMJs, CMJAs and SJs in a randomized order. Instructions were to jump as high as possible. Data were collected via twelve Vicon MX13 cameras (250 fps), two AMTI force plates (2000 Hz), and controlled via Visual 3D software. For all jumping techniques we calculated jump height, impulse, minimal knee flexion angle and maximal knee extension angular velocity, for the CMJA and SPJ also shoulder flexion angular velocity and additional for the SPJ the approach step length and horizontal velocity of the center of mass. For statistical analysis we calculated Product Moment correlations, a repeated measures two-way ANOVA (factor jumping technique and sex) and a factor analysis (Eigenvalues>1, Varimax rotation). Correlations were found between SPJ height and SJ, CMJ and CMJA height in both sexes. Men jumped significantly higher as women in all analyzed jumping techniques. For female players ten out of 26 variables and for male players only three out of 26 variables correlate with SPJ height. The factor analysis determined seven factors with a cumulative variance of 88%. In the first factor we found high loads for sex (.689), jump height in the SJ (.906), CMJ (.859), CMJA (.859), SPJ (.856), maximal angular velocity in the left and right knee extension in the SJ (.906 and .866), CMJ (.863 and .862), CMJA (.859 and .818) as well as in the minimal left knee flexion angle in the SPJ (-.783). The second factor showed high loads in the left and right shoulder flexion (.848 and .874) as well as knee extension (.808 and .783) angular velocity in the SPJ. As expected male players jump higher than female players and we found a high relationship in all analyzed jumping techniques. Knee extension angular velocity determine jump height in the general jumps but not in the SPJ. The results clearly indicated that the technique in general jumps is not transferable and did not determine jumping performance in the SPJ. see also: https://wp1191596.server-he.de/DATA/CONGRESSES/VIRTUAL_2020/ABSTRACTS/ePosters_2020/uploads/ECSS_BOA_2020_Pub.pdf
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