Interest in the optimization of factors contributing to running performance has increased with the recent aberrant increase in the frequency of record performances in road and track running. There is currently insufficient information to assess the underlying basis of trends in running performance in recent years. Relatively few studies have characterized and described the trends in running performance during elite running performances in the 21st century. Even fewer have sought to quantify these trends during the recent era of endurance running, as world records have been falling at a pace not observed for decades.
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