INTRODUCTION: Although the nutrition problems of swimmers has been well documented in the literature, still insufficient nutrition existed in swimmers. The aim of this study is therefore to explore how to deal with the problem of insufficient nutrition supplement in swimmers to improve the performance of the athletes. METHODS: This systematic review was conducted under the guidance of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) criteria. PubMed, Web of Science, EBSCO and CNKl (Chinese databases) were searched for papers published after 2014. A total of 47 papers were included, and the results of the evidence on age, nutritional criteria, athletic ability and nutrition in the study population were retrieved for systematic evaluation. RESULTS: Consistent evidence shows that most swimmers currently skip breakfast, with excessive calorie intake in dinner. As for the macronutrients, the problems of both insufficient carbohydrate and fat supplement and excessive protein (especially animal protein) intake exist in swimmers. For the micronutrients supplement, vitamin A, vitamin B1, vitamin B2, vitamin C, vitamin PP, vitamin E, Calcium, Zinc, Potassium and Magnesium are generally insufficient, but Sodium supplement tends to be excessive. The main focus of research on nutritional supplement is on Creatine, Branched-chain amino acids, L-carnitine and Lycopene. CONCLUSION: Unbalanced energy intake in three meals a day, insufficient carbohydrate and fat supplement and excessive protein intake, lack of certain micronutrients and the improper use of nutritional supplement are the main problems that need to be solved to the performance of swimmers.
© Copyright 2022 27th Annual Congress of the European College of Sport Science (ECSS), Sevilla, 30. Aug - 2. Sep 2022. Published by Faculty of Sport Science - Universidad Pablo de Olavide. All rights reserved.