Clinical Question: What single shoulder-specific or upper extremity region-specific patient-reported outcome (PRO) measures (I) are used to assess self-perceived disability (O) in competitive swimmers (P)? Clinical Bottom Line: There is limited research on the use of single shoulder-specific or upper extremity region-specific PRO measures for self-perceived disability in competitive swimmers. Current use of single shoulder-specific or upper extremity region-specific PRO measures are inconsistent and select applications vary across studies. Future research on competitive swimmers should include single shoulder-specific or upper extremity region-specific PRO measures that address sport-related self-perceived disability. This would allow for additional evidence to support the recommendation and use of appropriate single shoulder-specific or upper extremity region-specific PRO measures for competitive swimmers, increased clinical applicability, and comparison of research findings across studies to assist with evidence-based practices.
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