Summaries of the papers of the 2006 World Congress on the science and medicine of the Marathon An overview of the 1976 New York Academy of Science meeting.- David Costill The history of the Marathon: 1976-present. - Amby Burfoot The evolution of Marathon running: capabilities in humans. - Daniel E Lieberman; Dennis M Bramble Marathon medical support historical perspectives: 'From cradle to averting the grave'. - Dan S Tunstall Pedoe American women in the Marathon. - Russell R Pate; Jennifer R O'Neill Can children and adolescents run Marathons? - William O Roberts Marathon runners: How do they age? - Scott Trappe Physiological regulation of Marathon performance. - Edward F Coyle Thermoregulatory function during the Marathon. - Robert W Kenefick; Samuel N Cheuvront; Michael N Sawka Running economy: The forgotten factor in elite performance. - Carl Foster; Alejandro Lucia Marathon performance in thermally stressing conditions. - Scott J Montain; Matthew R Ely; Samuel N Cheuvront Strategies for optimising Marathon performance in the heat - David E Martin Metabolic adaptations to Marathon training and racing. - John A Hawley; Fiona J Spargo Regulation of substrate use during the Marathon. - Lawrence L Spriet Protein metabolism and endurance exercise. - Martin J Gibala Lactate: Link between glycolytic and oxidative metabolism. - George A Brooks Nutrition strategies for the Marathon: Fuel for training and racing. - Louise M Burke Low energy availability in the Marathon and other endurance sports. - Anne B Loucks Fluid replacement and performance during the Marathon. - Samuel N Cheuvront; Scott J Montain; Michael N Sawka The role of salt and glucose replacement drinks in the Marathon. - Bob Murray Exertional rhabdomyolysis and acute renal failure in Marathon runners. - Priscilla M Clarkson Muscle cramping in the Marathon: Aetiology and risk factors. - Martin P Schwellnus The role of Sodium in 'heat cramping'. - E Randy Eichner Hyperthermia impairs brain, heart and muscle function in exercising humans. - José González-Alonso The central governor model of exercise regulation applied to the Marathon. - Timothy D Noakes Heat exhaustion and dehydration as causes of Marathon collapse. - Robert W Kenefick; Michael N Sawka Reduced peripheral resistance and other factors in Marathon collapse. - Timothy D Noakes History and prevalence of doping in the Marathon. - John Hoberman Blood doping: Infusions, Erythropoietin and artificial blood. - E Randy Eichner Altitude training for the Marathon. - Robert Chapman; Benjamin D Levine Heat and cold: What does the environment do to the Marathon runner? - Ron J Maughan; Phil Watson; Susan M Shirreffs Heat and cold: What does the environment do to Marathon Injury? - William O Roberts The psychology of the Marathoner: Of one mind and many. - John S Raglin Monitoring and titrating symptoms: A science-based approach to using your brain to optimise Marathon running performance. - Patrick J O'Connor Marathon training and immune function. - David C Nieman Strategies to enhance immune function for Marathon runners: What can be done? - Thorbjörn C A Åkerström; Bente K Pedersen Biomechanical factors contributing to Marathon race success. - Keith R Williams Genotypes and distance running: Clues from Africa. - Robert A Scott; Yannis P Pitsiladis Marathon race medical administration. - Greg D Ewert Exercise-associated collapse care matrix in the Marathon. - William O Roberts Intravenous fluids post Marathon: When and why? - Scott Pyne Epidemiology and aetiology of Marathon running injuries. - Michael Fredericson; Anuruddh K Misra Exertional heat stroke in the Marathon. - William O Roberts Cardiovascular adaptations to Marathon running: The Marathoner's heart. - Paul D Thompson Marathon cardiac deaths: The London experience. - Dan S Tunstall Pedoe Hyponatraemia: Identification and evaluation in the Marathon medical area. - Joseph N Chorley Renal function and Vasopressin during Marathon running. - Joseph G Verbalis Hypertonic (3%) Sodium Chloride for emergent treatment of exercise-associated hypotonic encephalopathy. - Arthur J Siegel Hydration in the Marathon: Using thirst to gauge safe fluid replacement. - Timothy D Noakes
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