Purpose: The purpose of this study was to analyze the impact of match results (win-loss, score differential) on the physical performance of rugby union teams to improve training and conditioning and provide ideas for use on the playing field. Methods: Data were obtained from 45 official matches over the 2013, 2014, and 2015 seasons of one team. Global positioning system units with built-in accelerometers were worn by the players; the per-match total distances, accelerations, and impact forces were calculated for the forwards and backs. Match results consisted of two elements: win-loss result and score differential. Results: Data showed that each parameter had high values in closely fought matches when a team lost or when the point differential was small. In addition, physical performance was impacted differently from one position to another. Forwards engaged in significantly less high-acceleration and high-impact activity in wins but significantly higher activities in close matches (p<0.05). Backs engaged in significantly higher impacts (i.e., harder/more tackles) in close matches (p<0.05). Conclusions: Based on these data, some suggestions for new approaches that can be adopted by strength and conditioning coaches to optimize training-related performance and prevent sports injuries have been included.
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