The inclusion of weight training and circuit training units in the overall program of a walker is an essential component if the athlete is to realise his/her potential. Importantly, the benefits accruing from such work will greatly assist in technical development, maintenance of rhythm, speed development and greater confidence, particularly on tough undulating courses. Whilst nothing can replace the hours of work devoted to technique, rhythm and development of the aerobic and anaerobic capacities of the athlete, strength and strength-endurance training must be integrated throughout the year. Specific strength and strength-endurance sessions can be developed through hill sessions very effectively and such units are incorporated within our programs on a regular basis. As strength gains can be lost relatively quickly, a minimum of 2-3 weight sessions should be employed per week, preferably three. For the younger/novice athlete much of this work can be performed by incorporating circuits or stage training units, using body weight and up to half body weight loadings. Not only will a sound strength endurance base be developed, particularly as an adjunct or conditioning base for weight training, but the aerobic system will also be challenged. The percentage of max VO2 improvement is not on a similar scale to that derived from running or walking, but the impact nevertheless is significant (5-8%). Further, the length of the circuit can be arranged so as to replicate the race duration. Empirical evidence and field tests from speed-strength athletes has clearly demonstrated that an increase in maximal strength is always related to an increase of relative strength. Whilst walking is by no means at the same end of the strength continuum as shot putting or sprinting, it is relative, as strength, speed-strength, and strength-endurance are interrelated and can not be viewed as separate hierarchical entities. For this very reason, strength development must be incorporated into the program on a modified basis.