The purpose of this study was to develop criterion-referenced measurement items of defensive transition in soccer games from tracking data. The research procedure comprised three steps, 1) construction of transition items from tracking data based on qualitative analysis, 2) analysis of the success criteria of transition items by decision tree analysis and 3) analysis of item and test characteristics for criterion-referenced measurement using item response theory (IRT). 158 defensive transition plays in two games of the J-league in 2016 were used for the analysis. Twenty-two transition items were constructed from tracking data based on qualitative analysis. Success criteria of all items for classifying successful defensive transition were investigated. Subsequently, 16 criterion-referenced measurement items for measuring defensive transition were selected via IRT (with a two-parameter logistic model - 2PLM). The item difficulty parameter (M = - 0.88, SD = 1.00), the item discrimination parameter (M = 0.92, SD = 0.66) showed the accepted range of values. The goodness-of-fit analysis showed all 16 items fitted to the 2PLM (p > = 0.05). The invariance of the item difficulty parameter (r = 0.89, p < 0.05) and the item discrimination parameter (r = 0.76, p < 0.05), the defensive transition score (r = 0.59, p < 0.05) are found. In conclusion, this study constructs 22 defensive transition items based on qualitative analysis processed by tracking data and 16 of them are criterion-referenced measurement items for defensive transitions.
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