Identifying cognitive processes in male Rugby Union place-kickers using a "Think Aloud" protocol

This study explored cognitive processes in elite rugby union place-kickers using a Think Aloud protocol. Five male kickers (Mage = 25.8 years) from Scotland`s top domestic league wore microphones to verbalize thoughts during place-kicks from varied distances and angles. Recordings were transcribed verbatim and analyzed through abductive content analysis using Elliott et al.`s framework. Findings revealed planning as the dominant cognitive theme, with participants consistently using preperformance routines incorporating visualization techniques. External attributions of failure emerged as a novel coping strategy among four of five kickers. The results demonstrate how elite performers use metacognitive strategies, informed by dynamic self-regulation, and adaptive systems principles to regulate attention and adapt to task demands. These findings provide new insights into the cognitive architecture of specialized sports skills and highlight Think Aloud`s value for capturing real-time thought processes. For applied practice, the study offers concrete recommendations for developing individualized routines that optimize attentional control and performance consistency in pressure situations.
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Bibliographic Details
Subjects:
Notations:sport games social sciences
Tagging:Selbstgespräch
Published in:Journal of Sport & Exercise Psychology
Language:English
Published: 2025
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1123/jsep.2024-0358
Volume:47
Issue:6
Pages:356-366
Document types:article
Level:advanced