Search Results - Triathlete

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  1. 1

    An all-out sprint does not challenge the main goal of an endurance-based training session in cycling

    Demay, R. S., Kerhervé, H. A. “…Methods Eighteen trained cyclists and triathletes (24.4±2.6 years; 70.4±8.5 kg; 66.5 ± 9.5 ml min kg-1 VO2max) performed two 3-h cycling sessions, either continuously (CON) or interspersed (INT) with an all-out effort. …”
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  2. 2

    Repeatability and validity of different methods to determine the anaerobic threshold through the maximal multistage test in male cyclists and triathletes

    Llodio, I., Yanci, J., Usandizaga, M., Larrea, A., Iturricastillo, A., Cámara, J., Granados, C. “…Objectives: The aim of this study was to analyze the repeatability and validity of different methods to determine the anaerobic threshold through a maximal multistage cycling test; Methods: In total, 17 male endurance-trained athletes [7 cyclists and 10 triathletes, age 33.2 ± 6.9 yr, workload at maximal lactate steady state (MLSSW) 268 ± 27 W] participated in the study. …”
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  3. 3

    Preserved fuel mix in spite of increased metabolic rate and lactate steady state at higher cycling cadence

    Beneke, R., Leithäuser, R. M., Peters, K., Beier, T., Caputo, F. “…Methods: Eleven male triathletes (age: 28.2 [9.2] y, height: 179.9 [6.0] cm, body mass: 73.1 [4.8] kg, performance level 3) completed 2 incremental load tests to determine peak power (Ppeak) and 4 prolonged cycling tests including 20-minute warm-up at 40% Ppeak followed by a 20-minute load phase at 60% and 70% Ppeak with a subsequent cooldown at 40% Ppeak, all at 60 and 100 rpm, respectively. …”
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  4. 4

    Study of the local oxygen saturation in cycling and differences between sexes

    Sendra-Pérez, C.
    Published 2025
    “…The muscle oxygen saturation profiles of competitive cyclists and triathletes showed symmetrical responses on both preferred and non-preferred sides, although reductions were observed at certain intensities. …”
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  5. 5

    Muscular excitation and oxygen extraction responses in power-generating and stabilizing muscles during a graded cycling test

    Sendra-Pérez, C., Encarnación-Martínez, A., Murias, J. M., De la Fuente, C., Salvador-Palmer, R., Martin-Rivera, F., Priego-Quesada, J. I.
    Published in Journal of Sports Sciences (2025)
    “…Fifteen cyclists and triathletes (age = 22 ± 6 years, stature = 175 ± 8 cm, training hours = 12 ± 4 hours·week-1) performed a graded exercise test on a cycle ergometer. …”
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  6. 6

    Durability in youth squad triathletes—influence of strenuous cycling on subsequent running performance, economy, and substrate utilization

    Röhrs, G., Keller, S., Wahl, P. “…Purpose: This study aimed to investigate oxygen/energy cost (OC/EC) of running and substrate utilization before and after strenuous cycling in well-trained junior triathletes and the relevance of changes in these variables for fatigued running performance. …”
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  7. 7

    Multiple short intervals induce longer time above 90% of maximal oxygen consumption than long intervals when matched by similar fixed intensity, but not during self-paced cycling e...

    Appelhans, D., Rønnestad, B., Skovereng, K. “…Twelve well-trained cyclists and triathletes (VO2max: 68 [6.3] mL·min-1·kg-1) performed 2 different cycling ergometry interval protocols of 3 × 13 × 30/15 seconds (short interval [SI]) and 6 × 5 minutes (long interval [LI]), each with a fixed intensity based on percentages of maximal aerobic power and self-paced approach with maximal effort. …”
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  8. 8

    The effects of polarized training on time trial performance in trained and highly-trained triathletes

    Rivera Kofler, T., Cortés-Roco, G., Garcia-Carrillo, E., Olivares-Arancibia, J., Yáñez-Sepúlveda, R.
    Published in Journal of Human Sport & Exercise (2025)
    “…This study aimed to evaluate the effects of 13 weeks of training by applying a POL model in trained and highly-trained triathletes, using a percentage of TID of 75/0/25 in zones 1, 2, and 3, respectively. …”
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  9. 9

    Sex-based performance analysis in Olympic triathlon: swimming, cycling, and running at Paris 2024

    Leite, L. B., Coelho, B. C., Forte, P., Nikolaidis, P. T., Duric, S., Andrade, M. S., Cuk, I., Weiss, K., Rosemann, T., Knechtle, B.
    Published in Sport Sciences for Health (2025)
    “…These findings underscore the need for sex-specific training strategies, emphasizing running development in female triathletes and cycling optimization in males, while also considering the role of transitions, especially in draft-legal events.…”
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  10. 10

    Thermal and biomechanical responses of amateur, elite and world cup athletes during a world cup sprint triathlon in the heat

    James, C., Muniz-Pardos, B., Ihsan, M., Lo, K.-K., Lam, W.-K., Peña Iglesias, D., Angeloudis, K., Teng, Y., Jiao, J., Hu, K., Wong, K., Guppy, F., Racinais, S., Chalmers, S., Migliorini, S., Wu, K., Pitsiladis, Y.
    Published in Sports Medicine (2025)
    “…Results: Seventeen triathletes displayed a TCORE > 40.0 °C and two > 41.0 °C. …”
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  11. 11

    Pre-cooling alters pacing profiles resulting in no additional benefit to 20-km self-paced maximal cycling time-trial performance in heat acclimated endurance athletes

    Ramosa, J. A. P., Duckera, K. J., Riddella, H., Girardb, O., Landersb, G., Bradea, C. J. “…Methods Ten trained/highly trained male cyclists and/or triathletes completed two 20-km CTT before (PreHA) HA training sessions (10 × 60 min intermittent-heat exposure protocol in 36°C, 50-80% relative humidity), and after (PostHA). …”
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  12. 12

    A warm environment reduces exogenous glucose oxidation and endurance performance during cycling with facing airflow

    Reynolds, K, Funnell, M, Collins, A, Mears, S, Pugh, J, James, L. “…Methods Ten trained male cyclists/triathletes (36 ± 6 yr; 55 ± 6 mL·kg-1·min-1) completed V?…”
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  13. 13

    Modeling lactate threshold in cycling - influence of sex, maximal oxygen uptake, and cost of cycling in young athletes

    Fischer, J., Hävecker, F., Ji, S., Wahl, P., Keller, S. “…Methods Eighty-three cyclists and triathletes (22 females, 61 males; age [median and IQR]: 14.6 [13.8-17.6] years, VO2peak [mean ± SD]: 59.2 ± 6.5 mL·kg¹·min¹) performed an incremental test to determine power at LT2, VO2peak, %VO2peak at LT2, and Cc (assessed at 3 W·kg-1, 75% VO2peak, and 90% LT2). …”
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  14. 14

    Perceived negative menstrual cycle symptoms, but not changes in estrogen or progesterone, are associated with impaired cycling race performance

    Smith, E. S., McCormick, R., McKay, A. K. A., Ackerman, K. E., Elliott-Sale, K. J., Stellingwerff, T., Harris, R., Burke, L. M. “…Methods In a novel observational study design, 37 female cyclists/triathletes not using any hormonal contraception completed one virtual cycling race (19.5-km time trial (TT)) per week across a 1-month period (totaling four races). …”
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  15. 15

    Biomechanical analysis of cycling position in elite cyclist

    Prins, T.
    Published 2024
    “…Several studies have shown that handlebar type, seat height and power can improve output among road cyclists and triathletes. However, each cycling discipline has a specific focus, training goals and thus, specificity between cycling athletes. …”
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  16. 16

    Carbohydrate ingestion during prolonged exercise blunts the reduction in power output at the moderate-to-heavy intensity transition

    Dudley-Rode, H., Zinn, C., Plews, D. J., Charoensap, T., Maunder, E. “…Methods Twelve trained cyclists and triathletes (10 males, 2 females; VO2max peak, 59 ± 5 mL kg-1 min-1; training volume, 14 ± 5 h week-1) performed an incremental test and 5-min time trial (TT) without prior exercise (PRE), and after 150 min of moderate-intensity cycling, with (POSTCHO) and without (POSTCON) carbohydrate ingestion. …”
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  17. 17

    Athletes` perceptions towards genetic testing - an explorative qualitative study among endurance athletes and their coaches

    Konopka, M. J., Leerschool, A. R., Gopalakrishna, G., Wesselius, A., Rietjens, G., Zeegers, M. P. “…Sixteen professional cyclists and triathletes (and their five coaches) participated in semi-structured online interviews after having received their genetic test results. …”
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  18. 18

    Changes in body core temperature during the cycling segment of a triathlon

    Riska, D., Putala, M., Grznar, L., Tolkounov, T. “…The research involved Slovak triathletes, aged 23(±2) years, who regularly compete in European Cup races. …”
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  19. 19

    Bike, swim, mum: Exploring post partum experiences of triathlete mothers

    Jones, E., Stokes, K., Du Preez, T.
    Published 2024
    “…Therefore, this research aimed to explore the psychological experiences of triathlete mothers, including investigating the key barriers and facilitators to postpartum participation. …”
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  20. 20

    The effect of cycling position on the lower-limb kinematics during the run in triathletes

    Moulin, M., Grimont, J., Touil, R., Dewolf, A. H.
    Published in HAL Open Science (2024)
    “…Indeed, up to 70% of triathletes have been seen to run at speeds 10% below their normal running speed over the first 500-1000m following cycling in an Olympic triathlon. …”
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